A recent study indicates that improvements in life expectancy are not equal across the board but that the gap in life expectancy between certain geographical and racial demographics is increasing.

  With just five seconds remaining, the basketball star snatched the ball and defiantly threw it into the basket.

  Contact with the natural environment can provide an *antidote to some of the unhealthy aspects of an urban lifestyle, and there is a growing realization that this should influence the way that our surroundings are planned and managed. Trees and other vegetation have been used in traditional, modern and alternative medicine as sources of pharmaceuticals and other chemicals. But they also help to moderate the effects of other physical environmental factors by acting as a biological buffer. They can filter potentially harmful air pollution and solar radiation, they provide natural shelter against the wind and they help to cool and moisten the air. Contact with nature and contact with animals and plants can have a powerful therapeutic or preventative effect on many people, by reducing stress and helping to improve both mental and physical ability.

*antidote 해독제

  The book Bat 21 tells the story of an Air Force navigator whose plane was shot down over North Vietnam during the Vietnam War.

(A) They decided to use the navigator’s knowledge of golf courses throughout the world to direct him to a safe pick-up spot. By reminding the navigator of a certain hole at a specific golf course, they would clue him in to what direction and how far to go. The Vietnamese could hear every word and still not know what the Americans were talking about.

(B) The plane was equipped with a new and sophisticated navigational system that the North Vietnamese wanted to know more about. As the only survivor of the crash, the navigator spent several days hiding in the jungle, narrowly avoiding capture.

(C) He finally made radio contact with the U.S. forces. He knew that the North Vietnamese were monitoring the radio, but he had to use it if he was going to get out alive. Finally, the Americans came up with a strategy suggested by an Air Force golfing buddy of the navigator.

  When faced with a decision to make, utilitarians prefer to create a list of pros and cons. One of the main ethical theories, utilitarianism posits that the key to determining what makes an act morally right or wrong is its consequences.

  Whether people’s intentions are good or bad is irrelevant; what matters is whether the result of their actions is good or bad. Happiness is the ultimate goal of human beings and the highest moral good. Thus, if there is great unhappiness because of an act, then that action can be said to be morally wrong. Utilitarians believe that people should carefully weigh the potential consequences of an action before they take it. Another problematic aspect of utilitarianism is that it deems it acceptable to use another person as a means to an end and sacrifice the happiness of one or a few for the happiness of many.

  The question of “what defines a sport?” has been debated for years. There seems to be no doubt that vigorous and highly competitive activities such as basketball, football, and soccer are truly “sports,” but when the subject of other activities such as chess, darts, and shuffleboard come up, we find ourselves at the heart of a controversy.

  If say, billiards, is not a sport, then what exactly is it? Some would argue that it is a simple leisure activity. They would go on to assert that a true sport must include some form of physical exertion. Furthermore, if a player does not break a sweat, what he or she plays is not a sport. Beyond that, more important criteria would be the need for hand-eye coordination, and the possibility of sustaining injury. Billiards only fits one of those specifications (hand-eye coordination), so according to the doubters, it is not a real sport.

A：You really should quit smoking. It’s bad for your health.

B：Would you please get off my back? I’ll quit when I’m good and ready.

  A lower level of on-the-job work experience tends to result in a higher accident rate. Studies have shown a decrease in accidents over the period from the beginning of a new job to one and one- half years later. In one study, new workers averaged seventy-seven minor accidents on their first day of work, but on the next six workdays the accident figure dropped to approximately thirteen. Thus, there is a need for comprehensive safety training before the worker actually begins the job. It is not enough to train new workers in the specific skills and abilities required for successful performance of their jobs. They must also learn safe work rules and proper attitudes toward safety. In comparing groups of workers that had received safety training with those given no such training, the first group experienced far fewer accidents in their early days on the job.